Women in the Bible

Empowering Women Through Scripture

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Tryphaena and Tryphosa

Romans 16:12

Reading & Resources:

Articles

  • "Tryphaena" by HarperCollins Bible Dictionary

  • “Partnering Together: Paul’s Female Coworkers” by Margaret Mowczko

  • "I Knew the Truth About Women in the Bible, and I Stayed Silent" by Beth Allison Barr

Books

  • "Romans" by Beverly Roberts Gaventa in Women’s Bible Commentary, edited by Carol A. Newsom and Sharon H. Ringe (1998)

  • pp. 110-111 in Women in the Greetings of Romans 16:1-16: A Study of Mutuality and Women’s Ministry by Susan Mathew (2013)

  • “Women in Romans 16:1-16” (Ch.4) in Women in the Greetings of Romans 16:1-16: A Study of Mutuality and Women’s Ministry by Susan Mathew (2013)

  • "Romans" by Elizabeth A. Castelli in Searching the Scriptures, Vol. 2: A Feminist Commentary, edited by Elisabeth Schussler Fiorenza (1994)

  • "Tryphaena and Tryphosa" in The Anchor Bible Dictionary, vol. 6 (1992)

To correctly use the search bar, follow these guidelines:

  • Use proper capitalization (for example, capitalize “N” in “Naomi” instead of writing “naomi”)

  • Use proper spacing (“Mary of Bethany” as opposed to “MaryofBethany”)

  • Write out the full name of the woman you’re searching for, if you know it (for example, “The Samaritan Woman”). If writing out the full name does not work, simply type in “Samaritan” and see if “The Samaritan Woman” appears.

  • If the search bar is still not yielding your results, it might be because we have altered the woman’s name based on scholarship we found (for example, we have Naomi listed as “Naomi/Mara”). You can always find a specific woman by going to the navigation bar, clicking Old Testament or New Testament, and scrolling down to her appropriate genre and book.

  • To find a woman manually, note that the women listed on this site are listed in the order they appear in scripture (for example, women in Genesis chapter 1 are listed before women in Genesis chapter 2).

This project has been created by Founder and Executive Director Debbie McLeod alongside a team of Yale-educated researchers: Anna Grace Glaize, McKenzie Brummond, Moriah Asch, Brian Peterson, Laura Traverse, Phoebe Oler, and Sarah Ambrose

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